Hydraulic model: Air pockets in pipelines

If a pipeline has pronounced high points, undissolved gases can become trapped there which increase the flow resistance of the pipeline as a whole. This results in energy losses and reduced flow rates. In this hydraulic model test, KSB examines and demonstrates the effects of air pockets in pipelines and the various options for eliminating …

Computer simulation of air-water counter-current churn flow regime in vertical pipe

The animation shows the time evolution of the distribution of volume fraction of liquid (water) in the case of counter-current churn flow of water and air in a vertical pipe obtained by a computer simulation using accurate interface tracking.